Melasma Treatment
Melasma is a common pigmentation disorder that causes flat brown, tan or greyish-brown patches on the skin, most often on the face. It commonly affects the cheeks, forehead, nose, chin and area above the upper lip. Because several pigmentation conditions can look similar, an accurate melasma diagnosis by a dermatologist is important before starting treatment.
At Follicare Dermatology, the approach to melasma treatment in Kolkata is personalized according to your pigmentation pattern, skin type, triggers, previous treatments and response to therapy.
Melasma Treatment at Follicare Dermatology
There is no single treatment that works for every patient. Modern melasma treatment commonly combines strict photoprotection, topical medication and, when appropriate, carefully selected in-clinic procedures. The treatment plan is tailored to the individual rather than using the same procedure for every case.
1. Sun Protection for Melasma
Daily sun protection is the foundation of melasma management. A dermatologist may recommend broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher, along with shade, protective clothing and a wide-brimmed hat. Tinted sunscreen containing iron oxides may provide additional protection against visible light, which can worsen pigmentation, particularly in darker skin tones.
2. Topical Treatment for Melasma
Depending on the patient, a dermatologist may prescribe topical agents such as hydroquinone, tretinoin-based combinations, azelaic acid, kojic acid or vitamin C. Prescription treatments should be used under dermatological supervision because irritation can aggravate pigmentation.
3. Chemical Peel for Melasma
Chemical peel for melasma may be considered as an adjunct treatment for selected patients. The type and strength of peel should be chosen carefully, particularly in Indian and darker skin tones, because excessive irritation may worsen pigmentation
4. Laser Treatment for Melasma
Laser treatment for melasma may be considered in selected, treatment-resistant cases. Laser and light-based procedures should be performed conservatively and as part of an overall treatment plan. Melasma can recur, and inappropriate treatment may cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
5. Microneedling for Melasma
Microneedling for melasma may be used as an adjunct to topical treatment in selected patients. It should be planned according to skin type and pigmentation risk
6. Tranexamic Acid for Melasma
Tranexamic acid for melasma may be considered in selected patients when standard treatments are insufficient. Oral tranexamic acid is not suitable for everyone and requires a dermatologist's assessment of individual risk factors
Melasma Causes & Triggers
Melasma is multifactorial. Common factors associated with melasma include sun exposure, visible light, hormonal changes, pregnancy, certain medications, genetic susceptibility and skin irritation. Sun and visible-light exposure can make existing pigmentation darker and may contribute to recurrence.
Common melasma triggers include:
• Sun exposure and UV radiation
• Visible light exposure
• Pregnancy and hormonal changes
• Oral contraceptive pills and selected medications
• Genetic/familial tendency
• Heat and environmental triggers
• Skin irritation or inflammation
Melasma Symptoms & Common Areas
Typical melasma symptoms include symmetrical, irregular brown or grey-brown patches without pain or itching. The most common areas are the cheeks, forehead, nose, chin and upper lip. Melasma can also occur on the jawline, neck or other sun-exposed areas.
How is Melasma Diagnosed?
A dermatologist usually diagnoses melasma by examining the pattern and distribution of pigmentation. A Wood's lamp or dermatoscope may help assess the pigment and its depth. In unusual cases, additional evaluation may be needed to rule out other causes of facial pigmentation.
Melasma Treatment for Indian Skin
Because Indian and darker skin tones can be more prone to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, treatment needs to be selected carefully. Aggressive procedures or excessive irritation may worsen pigmentation. A dermatologist-led plan can help balance pigmentation reduction with skin-barrier protection.
Melasma Treatment for Is There a Permanent Cure for Melasma?
Melasma is often a chronic, relapsing condition. Treatment can significantly improve pigmentation, but recurrence is possible. Consistent sun and visible-light protection, maintenance skincare and appropriate follow-up are important for long-term management.
How Long Does Melasma Treatment Take?
Melasma usually improves gradually rather than overnight. Depending on the severity, depth of pigmentation and treatment plan, visible improvement may take several months. Consistency with treatment and sun protection is important.
What Should You Avoid If You Have Melasma?
Avoid harsh scrubs, aggressive exfoliation, unprescribed bleaching or steroid-containing creams and DIY remedies that burn or irritate the skin. Irritation can make pigmentation more noticeable. Prescription treatments and procedures should be selected by a qualified dermatologist.
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